Here, the word kalpa-kṣhaya means “the end of Brahma’s lifespan.” On the completion of Brahma’s life of 100 years, which is equal to 311 trillion 40 billion earth years, the entire cosmic manifestation dissolves and goes into an unmanifest state.
In the previous chapter, verses 8.17 to 8.19, Shree Krishna explained how creation, maintenance, and annihilation follow a repetitive cycle. This statement may bring up the following question: “When mahāpralaya (the great annihilation) takes place and the entire world is wound up, then where do all the living beings go?” The answer to this question is being given in this verse. There (in th previous two verses) it involves a contradiction to say, ‘Remaining like one unconcerned, I project forth this multitude of beings.Shree Krishna explained in the last few verses that all living beings dwell in Him. Otherwise, like the silkworm, a foolish man becomes bound by acitons.
As to that, the Lord states the reason for His not becoming associated with the actions: Asinam, remaining (as I do) udasinavat, like one unconcerned, like some indifferent spectator- for the Self is not subject to any change and asaktam, unattached tesu karmasu, to those actions-free from attachment to results, free from the egoism that ‘I do.’ Hence, even int he case of any other person also, the absence of the idea of agentship and the absence of attachment to results are the causes of not getting bound. O Dhananjaya, na ca, nor do tani, those karmani, actions-which are the sources of the creation of the multitude of beings unequally nibadhnanti, bind mam, Me, who am God.
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